Bank Of Questions | Microbiology, Parasitology And Entomology | Cmt Nta 4 | Clinical Medicine First Year

1.The following are examples of Enteroviruses group

( a ) polioviruses,coxsackieviruses, and echoviruses

2.The following is an example of( airborne) virus that is transmitted trough inhalation

( d )Influenza virus

3.The following virus cause oophritis in women

( d ) Mumps virus

4. The envelope of the following virus contains a protein called surface “antigen”

( d )Hepatitis B virus

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5.These viruses are unusual because they are capable of making copies of DNA from RNA

(a) Retroviruses

6.They are characterized by latency infections in immunocompromised patients

( a ) Herpes viruses

7.The Bacterial cell is comprised of the following parts EXCEPT

(d)Intergrease

8. Bacteria which appears blue when stained by gram staining technique are called

(c ) Gram positive bacteria

9.The following are species of Mycobacterium EXPECT

(d ) Mycobacterium neoformans

10.This is an example of “COMA” shaped bacteria of medical importance

(d )Vibrio cholera

SECTION B: MULTIPLE TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS (10 )

-Write the word TRUE for a correct statement or FALSE for an incorrect statement

- Each option carries ½

1.Characteristics of Viruses

(a )………………T………. reproduces in live cell culture

(b )…………….…F………… reproduces by fusion

( c )…………………F………their genome contain DNA and RNA

(d )………T…..their nucloitide contain DNA or RNA.

(e )………T…their capsid symmetry are either Helical or Icosahedra symmetry

2.Concerning about fungi

(a )………T…………………..they are saprophytic organism

(b )………T……………….. They are Yeasts (cells), Moulds (filamentous) o r Dimorphic (yeast/filamentous)

(c )…………F……………… They are non chemotrophic

(d )…………F…………… Most are obligate or facultative anaerobes

(e )…………F…………… ... They have chlorophyll or chloroplast

3. Gram negative bacteria

(a )…………T………. loose the colour of primary stain and adapt the colour of a counter stain

(b )…………F………... adapt the colour of a primary stain and loose the colour of counter stain

(c )…………T………...they appear red or pink in colour

(d )…………F………..Giemsa stain is the best technique for categorizing them

(e )……………T……….Example include neisseria ,salmonella , haemophilus , and vibrio cholera.

4. Staphylococcus Bacteria of Medical Importance

(a )………T………….. they are gram positive cocci bacteria in clusters

(b)…………F……….. they are rod shaped

(c )…………T……….. all are catalase positive

(d ) ……………F…….. their beta lactamase enzyme increase the effect of penicillin

(e )……………T……… Staphylococcus aureus is coagulase positive

SECTION C:MATCHING ITEM QUESTIONS ( 10 )

- Match the lettered items from column B with the numbered item in column A,Each item should be used once.

Q 1 Column A Column B

1……C… prokaryotic cells A. Rice water diarrrhoea

2………E.. Bacteria B .Gram positive cocci in chain

3……B….. Streptococcus pyogenes C. Are simple unicellular organism

4………F…..Treponema pallidum D. bacterial dysentery.

5……A…….vibrio cholera. E. are without chlorophyll,have both DNA and RNA

F. Syphillis

G. whooping cough

Q 2 Column A Column B

1. ……C..Mycobacterium tuberculae A. Transmission through fleas bite

2. …E…..Clostridium species B. Germ tube test for confirmation

3. …B…. Candida albicans C. Acid Fast Bacilli

4. …G…..Bacillus anthracis D. Bubonic plague

5.…A………Plague E.Drum stick spore forming bacilli

F. Skin smear

G. Anthrax

SECTION D: Short answers (30 )

1. Define the following terms 3 each

(a )Prokaryotic cells -Are simple unicellular organism without a distinct nucleus and other specialized cell structures

(b) Eukaryotic cells-Are cells that contain nucleus, a sack like structure that encloses a cell’s genetic materials

( c )Normal floras-Are bacteria, fungi, and protozoa that live on or within the bodies of animals and plants without doing any harm in healthy individuals

(d )Biological vectors-Vectors which can support life and/ or development of pathogenic organisms in their tissues and transmit

2. Staphylococcus aureus is gram positive bacteria that cause several infections,mention two (2) diseases they cause, two (2 )specimens for Laboratory diagnosis and one ( 1 )drug of choice 3 each.

( a)Two diseases

· Abscesses

· Food poisoning

· Toxic shock syndrome

· Surgical wound infections

· Septicaemia

· Cellulitis

· Osteomyelitis

(b)Two specimens

· Pus

· Blood

· Other body fluids

( c )One drug of choice

· Cloxacillin

· Penicillin

· Erythromycin

· Azithromycin

· Ceftriaxone

NB Depending on sensitivity

SECTION E: ESSAY QUESTION ( 40 )

1. Explain briefly classification of bacteria according to the five criteria ( 4 each) and give examples

( a ) Morphology/Shape -Cocci, Bacilli or rod, Spiral, Comma shaped, Spirochaetes

(b ) Staining Characteristics- Gram positive(Staphylococci spicies), Gram negative(salmonella species)

( c Nature of Cell Wall - Rigid thick wall (Staphylococcus), Wall less (Mycoplasma)

(d ) Ability to Form Spores - Spore forming bacteria(Clostridium sp), Non spore forming bacteria(corynebacteria species )

2. Briefly explain difference between Yeasts and Moulds according to their characteristics 4 each .

( a )Yeast;

· Yeasts are single fungal cells

· They reproduce asexually by the process called budding

( b ) Mould;

· Are fungi which grows in multinuclear filamentous forms

· Are composed of branching cylindrical filaments called hyphae

· The mass of intertwined hyphae that accumulates during active growth is a mycelium.

· There are two types of hyphae, Septate and Aseptate

· Hyphae that penetrate the supporting medium and absorb nutrients are the vegetative or substrate hyphae.

· Aerial hyphae project above the surface of the mycelium and usually bear the reproductive structures of the mold, these are called sporangio spores